Pregnant Women's Acceptance of COVID-19 Vaccination: An Examination of Attitudes, Perceptions, and Health Information Acquisition
Öz
Aim
Determining the impact of pregnant women's attitudes towards vaccination, perception of COVID-19 causes, and tendencies in acquiring health information from digital platforms on their vaccination status.
Methods
This descriptive and cross-sectional study was conducted between January 6 and February 28, 2022, and the sample consisted of 325 pregnant women. Data was collected using “Personal Information Form”, “Attitudes Towards the COVID-19 Vaccine Scale”, “Perception of Causes of COVID-19 Scale”, and “Obtaining and Verifying Health Information from Digital Media Scale”. Data analysis was done with the SPSS statistical program using independent two-sample t-test, chi-square test and, logistic regression analyzes to identify predictors. Statistical significance was accepted as p<0.05.
Results
While 51.3% of pregnant women stated that they had the COVID-19 vaccine; of those who were not vaccinated, 78.6% stated that they were not vaccinated because of the risk of harming their baby. It was determined that the vaccination rate of the pregnant women increased as the total score of the “Attitudes Towards the COVID-19 Vaccine Scale” and the “environmental environment sub-dimension” score of the “Perception of Causes of COVID-19 Scale” increased (p<0.05). The vaccination percentage of pregnant women in the third and second trimesters is higher than in the third trimester (p<0.001). The probability of not being vaccinated is 3.017 times higher in non-workers than in workers, and 2.596 times more in those who have COVID-19 than those who do not.
Conclusion
Vaccination preferences vary according to the characteristics of the individual. It is crucial to provide detailed and reassuring information to pregnant women about the vaccination to be sustainable.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kaynakça
- Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Biomed. 2020; 91: 157-60.
- World Health Organization. WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard. https://- covid19.who.int/. Accessed August 4, 2022.
- Mosby LG, Rasmussen SA, Jamieson DJ. 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1H1) in pregnancy: A systematic review of the literature. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2011; 205: 10-8.
- Lam CM, Wong SF, Leung TN, Chow KM, Yu WC, Wong TY, et al. A case-controlled study comparing clinical course and outcomes of pregnant and non-pregnant women with severe acute respiratory syndrome. BJOG An Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 2004; 111: 771-4.
- Allotey J, Stallings E, Bonet M, et al. Clinical manifestations, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy: Living systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2020;370:m3320.
- Yalçın H. Gebelik, doğum, lohusalık ve bebek bakımına ilişkin geleneksel uygulamalar (Karaman örneği). Çocuk Sagligi ve Hastaliklari Dergisi. 2012; 55: 19-31.
- Çelik AS, Çapık A, Engin R. Determining the traditional practices during pregnancy and postpartum period in Erzurum. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences. 2012; 15(4): 262-67.
- Desdicioglu R, Avşar FB, Yavuz AF. COVID-19 vaccines and pregnancy. Ankara Med J. 2021; 21(4): 672-86.
- The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Covid-19 vaccination considerations for obstetric-gynecologic care. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinic a l - g u i d a n c e / p r a c t i c e a d v i - sory/articles/2020/12/covid-19-vaccinatio n-considerations-for-obstetric-gynecologiccare. Accessed September 12, 2022.
- TR Ministry of Health. Covid-19 Vaccine Information Platform. Can inactivated COVID-19 vaccine be administered to pregnant women. https://covid19asi.saglik.gov- .tr/. Accessed September 12, 2022.
- Baykal Akmeşe Z. Gebelerin COVID-19 aşısı olma durumları ve aşı karşıtlığının belirlenmesi. Ege Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi, 2023;39(3), 412-420.
- Özdemir D, Arpacioğlu S. Sosyal medya kullanımı, sağlık algısı ve sağlık arama davranışının koronavirüs korkusu üzerine etkisi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 2020;12, 364-381.
- Yılmaz Hİ, Turğut B, Çıtlak G, Mert O, Parali B, Engin M, et al. People's view of covid-19 vaccine in Turkey. Dicle Med J, 2021; 48(3), 583-594.
- Wide B, Gürhan N, Koç M, Wide Ç, Şirin B, Çırakoğlu OC, Coşar B. Development of perception and attitude scales related with COVID-19 pandemic. Pearson Journal of Social Sciences-Humanities. 2020; 5(7): 306-28.
- Çömlekçi MF, Bozkanat E. Behaviors on obtaining and verifying health information from digital media during the infodemic. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology. 2021; 41(1): 103-25.
- Shamshirsaz AA, Hessami K, Morain S, Afshar Y, Nassr AA, Arian SE, Asl NM, Aagaard K. Intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy: A Systematic review and meta- analysis. Am J Perinatol. 202; 39(5): 492-500.
- Sutton D, D'Alton M, Zhang Y, Kahe K, Cepin A, Goffman D, et al. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant, breastfeeding and non-pregnant reproductive aged women. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2021; 3:100403.
- Reifferscheid L, Marfo E, Assi A, Dubé E, MacDonald NE, Meyer SB, et al. COVID-19 vaccine uptake and intention during pregnancy in Canada. Can J Public Health. 2022; 113(4) :547-58.
- Maternal Fetal Medicine and Perinatology Society. Turkey Maternal Related to Covid-19 Vaccines in Pregnant and Nursing Mothers Fetal Medicine and Perinatology Society Opinion. https://www.tmftp.org/-files/zaman-gorus l eri/gebedeki_-covid19_asisi.pdf. Accessed September 12, 2022.
- Turkish Medical Association. TTB, TJOD ve HASUDER’in Gebelikte COVID-19 Aşılamasıyla İlgili Güncel Durum Değerlendirmes i . https://www.ttb.org.tr/haber_goster.php?Guid=909cdc60-0fd4-11ec-94d8-6894aead55a3. Accessed September 12, 2022.
- Türk Jinekoloji ve Obstetrik Derneği. Gebelik ve doğum sonrası dönemde covid-19 aşıları ile ilgili TJOD görüşü https://www.tjod.org/- category/covid-19/. Accessed September 12, 2022.
- Yoon H, Choi BY, Seong WJ, Cho GJ, Na S, Jung YM, et al. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance during pregnancy and influencing factors in South Korea. J Clin Med. 2022; 11(19): 5733. 23.
- Tao L, Wang R, Han N, Liu J, Yuan C, Deng L, et al. Acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors among pregnant women in China: A multi-center cross-sectional study based on health belief model. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021;17(8):2378-88.
- Goncu Ayhan S, Oluklu D, Atalay A, Menekse Beser D, Tanacan A, Moraloglu Tekin O,et al. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in pregnant women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2021; 154(2): 291-6.
- Riad A, Jouzová A, Üstün B, Lagová E, Hruban L, Janků P, et al. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance of pregnant and lactating women (PLW) in Czechia: An analytical cross- sectional studies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021; 18(24): 13373.
- Blakeway H, Prasad S, Kalafat E, Heath PT, Ladhani SN, Le Doare K, et al. COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy: Coverage and safety. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2021; S0002-9378(21): 00873-5.
- Skirrow H, Barnett S, Bell S, Riaposova L, Mounier-Jack S, Kampmann B, et al. Women's views on accepting COVID-19 vaccination during and after pregnancy, and for their babies: A multi-methods study in the UK. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022; 22(1): 33.
- Dogan Yüksekol O, Baltacı N, Nazik F, Duman M. Literacy levels of women of reproductive age regarding the covid 19 vaccine. Journal of Inonu University Vocational School of Health Services. 2022; 10(2): 641-51.
- Aydın OA, Orhan S, Gümüş M, Necibe Kaya, Mahanoğlu E. Covid-19’un nedenleri algisi ile covid-19 korkusu arasindaki ilişki üzerine bir inceleme. Al Farabi International Journal of Social Sciences, 2021; 6 (3): 9-25.
- Sari E, Güngör Satılmış İ. Gebeler Covid-19 aşısı ile ilgili ne düşünüyor? Bir Forumdaki Paylaşımların İncelenmesi. Izmir Democracy University Health Sciences Journal, 2023;6(2), 180-192.
Öz
Amaç
Gebelerin aşıya yönelik tutumları, COVID-19’un nedenleri algısı ve dijital ortamda sağlık bilgisi edinme eğilimlerinin COVID-19 aşısı olma durumlarına etkisinin belirlenmesidir.
Yöntem
Bu tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel çalışma 6 Ocak - 28 Şubat 2022 tarihleri arasında gerçekleştirilmiş olup, örneklemi 325 gebe oluşturmuştur. Verilerin toplanmasında Kişisel Bilgi Formu, “COVID-19 Aşısına Yönelik Tutumlar Ölçeği”, “COVID-19’un Nedenleri Algısı Ölçeği” ve “Dijital Ortamda Sağlık Bilgisi Edinme ve Teyit Ölçeği” kullanılmıştır. Verilerin analizi SPSS istatistik programı ile bağımsız iki örneklem t testi, ki-kare testi ve yordayıcıların tespiti için Lojistik Regresyon analizleri ile yapılmıştır. İstatistiksel anlamlılık p<0,05 kabul edilmiştir.
Bulgular
Gebelerin %51.3’ü COVID-19 aşısı yaptırdığını belirtirken, aşı olmayan gebelerin %78.6’sı aşının bebeğine zarar verme riski nedeniyle aşı olmadıklarını ifade etmiştir. Gebelerin “COVID-19 Aşısı Tutum Ölçeği” toplam puanı ve “COVID-19’un Nedenleri Algısı Ölçeği” “çevre alt boyut” puanı arttıkça aşı olma oranının arttığı belirlenmiştir (p<0.05). Birinci ve ikinci trimesterde olan gebelerin aşı olma yüzdesi üçüncü trimesterde olanlardan daha yüksektir (p<0.001). Aşı olmama olasılığı çalışmayanlarda çalışanlara göre 3.017 kat, COVID-19 geçirenlerde ise geçirmeyenlere göre 2.596 kat fazladır.
Sonuç
Aşı tercihleri, bireyin özelliklerine göre değişmektedir. Aşılamanın sürdürülebilir olması için, gebelere aşılar hakkında güven verici bilginin verilmesinin önemli olduğu düşünülmektedir.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Etik Beyan
Erciyes University Clinical Research Ethics Committee approval (2022/39) from the Clinical Research Ethics Committee was received.
Destekleyen Kurum
There is no supporting institution.
Teşekkür
The authors would like to thank the pregnant women who took part in the study.
Kaynakça
- Cucinotta D, Vanelli M. WHO declares COVID-19 a pandemic. Acta Biomed. 2020; 91: 157-60.
- World Health Organization. WHO Coronavirus (COVID-19) dashboard. https://- covid19.who.int/. Accessed August 4, 2022.
- Mosby LG, Rasmussen SA, Jamieson DJ. 2009 pandemic influenza A (H1H1) in pregnancy: A systematic review of the literature. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2011; 205: 10-8.
- Lam CM, Wong SF, Leung TN, Chow KM, Yu WC, Wong TY, et al. A case-controlled study comparing clinical course and outcomes of pregnant and non-pregnant women with severe acute respiratory syndrome. BJOG An Int J Obstet Gynaecol. 2004; 111: 771-4.
- Allotey J, Stallings E, Bonet M, et al. Clinical manifestations, risk factors, and maternal and perinatal outcomes of coronavirus disease 2019 in pregnancy: Living systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ. 2020;370:m3320.
- Yalçın H. Gebelik, doğum, lohusalık ve bebek bakımına ilişkin geleneksel uygulamalar (Karaman örneği). Çocuk Sagligi ve Hastaliklari Dergisi. 2012; 55: 19-31.
- Çelik AS, Çapık A, Engin R. Determining the traditional practices during pregnancy and postpartum period in Erzurum. Journal of Anatolia Nursing and Health Sciences. 2012; 15(4): 262-67.
- Desdicioglu R, Avşar FB, Yavuz AF. COVID-19 vaccines and pregnancy. Ankara Med J. 2021; 21(4): 672-86.
- The American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists. Covid-19 vaccination considerations for obstetric-gynecologic care. https://www.acog.org/clinical/clinic a l - g u i d a n c e / p r a c t i c e a d v i - sory/articles/2020/12/covid-19-vaccinatio n-considerations-for-obstetric-gynecologiccare. Accessed September 12, 2022.
- TR Ministry of Health. Covid-19 Vaccine Information Platform. Can inactivated COVID-19 vaccine be administered to pregnant women. https://covid19asi.saglik.gov- .tr/. Accessed September 12, 2022.
- Baykal Akmeşe Z. Gebelerin COVID-19 aşısı olma durumları ve aşı karşıtlığının belirlenmesi. Ege Üniversitesi Hemşirelik Fakültesi Dergisi, 2023;39(3), 412-420.
- Özdemir D, Arpacioğlu S. Sosyal medya kullanımı, sağlık algısı ve sağlık arama davranışının koronavirüs korkusu üzerine etkisi. Psikiyatride Güncel Yaklaşımlar, 2020;12, 364-381.
- Yılmaz Hİ, Turğut B, Çıtlak G, Mert O, Parali B, Engin M, et al. People's view of covid-19 vaccine in Turkey. Dicle Med J, 2021; 48(3), 583-594.
- Wide B, Gürhan N, Koç M, Wide Ç, Şirin B, Çırakoğlu OC, Coşar B. Development of perception and attitude scales related with COVID-19 pandemic. Pearson Journal of Social Sciences-Humanities. 2020; 5(7): 306-28.
- Çömlekçi MF, Bozkanat E. Behaviors on obtaining and verifying health information from digital media during the infodemic. İstanbul University Journal of Sociology. 2021; 41(1): 103-25.
- Shamshirsaz AA, Hessami K, Morain S, Afshar Y, Nassr AA, Arian SE, Asl NM, Aagaard K. Intention to receive COVID-19 vaccine during pregnancy: A Systematic review and meta- analysis. Am J Perinatol. 202; 39(5): 492-500.
- Sutton D, D'Alton M, Zhang Y, Kahe K, Cepin A, Goffman D, et al. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance among pregnant, breastfeeding and non-pregnant reproductive aged women. Am J Obstet Gynecol MFM. 2021; 3:100403.
- Reifferscheid L, Marfo E, Assi A, Dubé E, MacDonald NE, Meyer SB, et al. COVID-19 vaccine uptake and intention during pregnancy in Canada. Can J Public Health. 2022; 113(4) :547-58.
- Maternal Fetal Medicine and Perinatology Society. Turkey Maternal Related to Covid-19 Vaccines in Pregnant and Nursing Mothers Fetal Medicine and Perinatology Society Opinion. https://www.tmftp.org/-files/zaman-gorus l eri/gebedeki_-covid19_asisi.pdf. Accessed September 12, 2022.
- Turkish Medical Association. TTB, TJOD ve HASUDER’in Gebelikte COVID-19 Aşılamasıyla İlgili Güncel Durum Değerlendirmes i . https://www.ttb.org.tr/haber_goster.php?Guid=909cdc60-0fd4-11ec-94d8-6894aead55a3. Accessed September 12, 2022.
- Türk Jinekoloji ve Obstetrik Derneği. Gebelik ve doğum sonrası dönemde covid-19 aşıları ile ilgili TJOD görüşü https://www.tjod.org/- category/covid-19/. Accessed September 12, 2022.
- Yoon H, Choi BY, Seong WJ, Cho GJ, Na S, Jung YM, et al. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance during pregnancy and influencing factors in South Korea. J Clin Med. 2022; 11(19): 5733. 23.
- Tao L, Wang R, Han N, Liu J, Yuan C, Deng L, et al. Acceptance of a COVID-19 vaccine and associated factors among pregnant women in China: A multi-center cross-sectional study based on health belief model. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2021;17(8):2378-88.
- Goncu Ayhan S, Oluklu D, Atalay A, Menekse Beser D, Tanacan A, Moraloglu Tekin O,et al. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance in pregnant women. Int J Gynaecol Obstet. 2021; 154(2): 291-6.
- Riad A, Jouzová A, Üstün B, Lagová E, Hruban L, Janků P, et al. COVID-19 vaccine acceptance of pregnant and lactating women (PLW) in Czechia: An analytical cross- sectional studies. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2021; 18(24): 13373.
- Blakeway H, Prasad S, Kalafat E, Heath PT, Ladhani SN, Le Doare K, et al. COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy: Coverage and safety. Am J Obstet Gynecol. 2021; S0002-9378(21): 00873-5.
- Skirrow H, Barnett S, Bell S, Riaposova L, Mounier-Jack S, Kampmann B, et al. Women's views on accepting COVID-19 vaccination during and after pregnancy, and for their babies: A multi-methods study in the UK. BMC Pregnancy Childbirth. 2022; 22(1): 33.
- Dogan Yüksekol O, Baltacı N, Nazik F, Duman M. Literacy levels of women of reproductive age regarding the covid 19 vaccine. Journal of Inonu University Vocational School of Health Services. 2022; 10(2): 641-51.
- Aydın OA, Orhan S, Gümüş M, Necibe Kaya, Mahanoğlu E. Covid-19’un nedenleri algisi ile covid-19 korkusu arasindaki ilişki üzerine bir inceleme. Al Farabi International Journal of Social Sciences, 2021; 6 (3): 9-25.
- Sari E, Güngör Satılmış İ. Gebeler Covid-19 aşısı ile ilgili ne düşünüyor? Bir Forumdaki Paylaşımların İncelenmesi. Izmir Democracy University Health Sciences Journal, 2023;6(2), 180-192.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Konular | Doğum ve Kadın Hastalıkları Hemşireliği |
| Bölüm | Araştırma Makaleleri |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 25 Nisan 2024 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 2 Aralık 2023 |
| Kabul Tarihi | 29 Şubat 2024 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2024 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 1 |
