Araştırma Makalesi
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COVID-19 NEDENİYLE YAŞANAN KARANTİNA SÜRECİNDE YAKIN İLİŞKİLERDE ŞİDDETE YÖNELİK TUTUMUN, YAYGIN ANKSİYETENİN VE ETKİLEYEN FAKTÖRLERİN BELİRLENMESİ

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 126 - 132, 31.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.52831/kjhs.1105342

Öz

Amaç: Bu araştırma COVID-19 nedeniyle yaşanan karantina sürecinde yakın ilişkilerde şiddete yönelik tutumunun, yaygın anksiyetenin ve bunları etkileyen faktörlerin belirlenmesi amacıyla yapıldı.
Yöntem: Tanımlayıcı ve kesitsel olarak planlanan araştırmanın verileri Türkiye’de evde kalmanın zorunlu olduğu 1 Nisan 2020 ile 31 Mayıs 2020 tarihleri arasında 557 katılımcıdan toplandı. Araştırmadaki anket soruları Google Form aracılığıyla online anket olarak oluşturuldu ve katılımcılara sosyal medya üzerinden gönderildi. Araştırma verilerinin toplanmasında Kişisel Bilgi Formu, Yakın İlişkilerde Şiddete Yönelik Tutum Ölçeği ve Yaygın Anksiyete Bozukluğu Ölçeği kullanıldı.
Bulgular: Katılımcıların %43.8’i salgın nedeniyle ekonomik sıkıntı yaşadığını, %54.3’ü salgın sürecinde aile içi ilişkilerinin etkilendiğini, %44.7’si salgın sürecinde ev içinde tartışma yaşadığını, %26.5’i karantinada tartışmalarının şiddetlendiğini ifade ettiler. Çalışmada katılımcıların Yakın İlişkilerde Şiddete Yönelik Tutum puan ortalaması düşük bulundu (35.19±8.93). Katılımcıların Yaygın Anksiyete Bozukluğu puan ortalamasının orta düzeyde olduğu belirlendi (7.40±5.27). Katılımcıların karantina sürecinde yakın ilişkilerde şiddete yönelik tutumu ile anksiyete bozukluğu arasında pozitif yönlü bir ilişki olduğu bulundu (p<0.05).
Sonuç: Katılımcıların şiddete eğilimli olmadığı, anksiyetelerinin orta düzeyde olduğu ve anksiyete düzeyi arttıkça şiddete eğilimin arttığı belirlendi. Karantina öncesinde yaşanan ve çözümlenemeyen sorunların bu stresli dönemde ortaya çıkması ve aile içi ilişkileri olumsuz etkilemesi muhtemeldir. Bu nedenle karantina dönemlerinde şiddeti önlemek için toplumun eğitilmesi, ailelere psikolojik destek verilmesi, ekonomik sıkıntı yaşayan ailelere maddi destek sağlanması faydalı olabilir

Teşekkür

Bu araştırmadaki tüm katılımcılara çok teşekkür ederiz.

Kaynakça

  • Miller E, McCaw B. Intimate partner violence. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(9):850-857.
  • El‐Serag R, Thurston RC. Matters of the heart and mind: Interpersonal violence and cardiovascular disease in women. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9(4):e015479.
  • Ingram KM, Espelage DL, Davis JP, Merrin GJ. Family violence, sibling, and peer aggression during adolescence: Associations with behavioral health outcomes. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:1-14.
  • Boserup B, McKenney M, Elkbuli A. Alarming trends in US domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Emerg Med. 2020;38(12):2753-2755.
  • Hall BJ, Tucker JD. Surviving in place: The coronavirus domestic violence syndemic. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020;53:102179.
  • Bradley NL, DiPasquale AM, Dillabough K, Schneider PS. Health care practitioners’ responsibility to address intimate partner violence related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Can Med Assoc J. 2020;192(22):E609-E610.
  • Mahase E. Covid-19: EU states report 60% rise in emergency calls about domestic violence. BMJ. 2020;369:m1872.
  • Bradbury‐Jones C, Isham L. The pandemic paradox: The consequences of COVID‐19 on domestic violence. J Clin Nurs. 2020;29(13–14):2047-2049.
  • Roesch E, Amin A, Gupta J, García-Moreno C. Violence against women during covid-19 pandemic restrictions. BMJ. 2020;369:1-2.
  • Cluver L, Lachman JM, Sherr L, Wessels I, Krug E, Rakotomalala S, Blight S, Hillis S, Bachman G, Green O, Butchart A, Tomlinson M, Ward CL, Doubt J, McDonald K. Parenting in a time of COVID-19. Lancet. 2020;395(10231):e64.
  • Mazza M, Marano G, Lai C, Janiri L, Sani G. Danger in danger: Interpersonal violence during COVID-19 quarantine. Psychiatry Res. 2020;289:113046.
  • Roesch E, Amin A, Gupta J, García-Moreno C. Violence against women during Covid-19 pandemic restrictions. BMJ. 2020;369:m1712.
  • Orpinas P, Hsieh H-L, Song X, Holland K, Nahapetyan L. Trajectories of physical dating violence from middle to high school: Association with relationship quality and acceptability of aggression. J Youth Adolesc. 2013;42(4):551-565.
  • Clarey A, Hokoda A, Ulloa EC. Anger control and acceptance of violence as mediators in the relationship between exposure to interparental conflict and dating violence perpetration in Mexican adolescents. J Fam Violence. 2010;25(7):619-625.
  • Toplu Demirtaş E, Hatipoğlu Sümer Z, Fincham FD. Intimate partner violence in Turkey: The Turkish Intimate Partner Violence Attitude Scale-Revised. J Fam Violence. 2017;32(3):349-356.
  • Spencer C, Mallory AB, Cafferky BM, Kimmes JG, Beck AR, Stith SM. Mental health factors and intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization: A meta-analysis. Psychol Violence. 2019;9(1):1-17.
  • Gulati G, Kelly BD. Domestic violence against women and the COVID-19 pandemic: What is the role of psychiatry? Int J Law Psychiatry. 2020;71:101594.
  • Marques ES, de Moraes CL, Hasselmann MH, Deslandes SF, Reichenheim ME. Violence against women, children, and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: Overview, contributing factors, and mitigating measures. Cad Saude Publica. 2020;36(4):e00074420.
  • Islam MS, Ferdous MZ, Potenza MN. Panic and generalized anxiety during the Covid-19 pandemic among Bangladeshi people: An online pilot survey early in the outbreak. J Affect Disord. 2020;276:30-37.
  • Kaya B. Effects of pandemic on mental health. Turkish J Clin psychiatry. 2020;23:123-124.
  • Wulandari P, Hidayat R. general anxiety disorder-related coronavirus disease-19 outbreak in Indonesia: A case report. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2020;8(T1):36-38.
  • Fincham FD, Cui M, Braithwaite S, Pasley K. Attitudes toward intimate partner violence in dating relationships. Psychol Assess. 2008;20(3):260-269.
  • Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JBW, Löwe B. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(10):1092-1907.
  • Konkan R, Senormanci O, Guclu O, Aydin E, Sungur MZ. Validity and reliability study for the Turkish adaptation of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) Scale. Arch Neuropsychiatry. 2013;50(1):53-58.
  • Hair JF, Black B, Babin BJ, Anderson RE. Multivariate data analysis: Pearson education multivariate data analysis: Pearson new international edition. 7th ed. UK: Pearson Education Limited, 2013.
  • Anastario M, Shehab N, Lawry L. Increased gender-based violence among women internally displaced in Mississippi 2 years post-Hurricane Katrina. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2009;3(1):18-26.
  • Schumacher JA, Coffey SF, Norris FH, Tracy M, Clements K, Galea S. Intimate partner violence and Hurricane Katrina: predictors and associated mental health outcomes. Violence Vict. 2010;25(5):588-603.
  • Imga O, Ayhan U. State, Democracy and Security in the Covid-19 Pandemic and Aftermath. Ankara; 2020.
  • Thelookout. COVID-19 and family violence. 2020.
  • Buttell F, Ferreira RJ. The hidden disaster of COVID-19: Intimate partner violence. Psychol Trauma. 2020;12(S1):S197-198.
  • Akkus S, Yildirim S. Investigating the factors affecting man’s physical violence to women. Gaziantep Univ J Soc Sci. 2018;17(4):1350-1370.
  • Holmes EA, O'Connor RC, Perry VH, et al. Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(6):547-560.
  • Sevim Y, Atas S. The slope of violence on college studentsand students’ standpoint on intrafamilial of violence. Fırat Univ J Soc Sci. 2016;25(1):285-301.
  • Moreira DN, Pinto da Costa M. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in the precipitation of intimate partner violence. Int J Law Psychiatry. 2020;71:101606.
  • Women’s Aid UK. The impact of COVID-19 on women and children experiencing domestic abuse, and the life-saving services that support them. 2020.
  • Keeter S. People financially affected by COVID-19 outbreak are experiencing more psychological distress than others. Pew Research Center. 2020.
  • Carbone SR. Flattening the curve of mental ill-health: the importance of primary prevention in managing the mental health impacts of COVID-19. Ment Heal Prev. 2020;19:200185.
  • Chang ES, Kannoth S, Levy S, Wang SY, Lee JE, Levy BR. Global reach of ageism on older persons’ health: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2020;15(1):e0220857.
  • Guček NK, Selič P. Depression in Intimate Partner Violence Victims in Slovenia: A Crippling Pattern of Factors Identified in Family Practice Attendees. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(2):210.
  • Cengiz Özyurt B, Deveci A. The relationship between domestic violence and the prevalence of depressive symptoms in married women between 15 and 49 years of age in a rural area of Manisa, Turkey. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2011;22(1):10-16.

DETERMINING THE ATTITUDES TOWARDS INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE, GENERALIZED ANXIETY AND INFLUENCING FACTORS DURING THE QUARANTINE PROCESS DUE TO COVID-19 PANDEMIC

Yıl 2022, Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2, 126 - 132, 31.08.2022
https://doi.org/10.52831/kjhs.1105342

Öz

Objective: This study was conducted to determine the attitudes towards intimate partner violence, generalized anxiety and the factors affecting them during the quarantine process due to COVID-19 pandemic.
Method: This study was designed as a descriptive, cross-sectional study. The study data were collected between the April 1, 2020 and the May 31, 2020 from 557 participants. The survey questions in the study were created as an online survey via Google Form and sent to the participants’ social media addresses. The study data were collected using the Personal Information Form, Intimate Partner Violence Attitude Scale and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale.
Results: Of the participants, 43.8% experienced economic difficulties due to the epidemic, 54.3% stated that their family relations were adversely affected during the pandemic, 44.7% quarreled with other members of the family more at home during the pandemic, 26.5% stated that quarrels during the quarantine became intensified. In this study, the mean scores obtained from the Partner Violence Attitude Scale were low (35.19±8.93). The mean scores obtained from the Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale were moderate (7.40±5.27). A positive relationship determined between the mean scores obtained from the Intimate Partner Violence Attitude Scale and Generalized Anxiety Disorder Scale (p<0.05).
Conclusion: It was determined that the participants were not prone to perpetrating violence, that their anxiety level was moderate and that their tendency to perpetrate violence increased as their anxiety levels increased. Even in a world without quarantine, it is very difficult for individuals to talk about domestic violence or to try to get help in this matter, and this becomes even more difficult during quarantine. Therefore, especially in quarantine periods, it is recommended that the society should be educated if violence is to be prevented, families should be provided with psychological support, and families having economic difficulties should be provided with financial support.

Kaynakça

  • Miller E, McCaw B. Intimate partner violence. N Engl J Med. 2019;380(9):850-857.
  • El‐Serag R, Thurston RC. Matters of the heart and mind: Interpersonal violence and cardiovascular disease in women. J Am Heart Assoc. 2020;9(4):e015479.
  • Ingram KM, Espelage DL, Davis JP, Merrin GJ. Family violence, sibling, and peer aggression during adolescence: Associations with behavioral health outcomes. Front Psychiatry. 2020;11:1-14.
  • Boserup B, McKenney M, Elkbuli A. Alarming trends in US domestic violence during the COVID-19 pandemic. Am J Emerg Med. 2020;38(12):2753-2755.
  • Hall BJ, Tucker JD. Surviving in place: The coronavirus domestic violence syndemic. Asian J Psychiatr. 2020;53:102179.
  • Bradley NL, DiPasquale AM, Dillabough K, Schneider PS. Health care practitioners’ responsibility to address intimate partner violence related to the COVID-19 pandemic. Can Med Assoc J. 2020;192(22):E609-E610.
  • Mahase E. Covid-19: EU states report 60% rise in emergency calls about domestic violence. BMJ. 2020;369:m1872.
  • Bradbury‐Jones C, Isham L. The pandemic paradox: The consequences of COVID‐19 on domestic violence. J Clin Nurs. 2020;29(13–14):2047-2049.
  • Roesch E, Amin A, Gupta J, García-Moreno C. Violence against women during covid-19 pandemic restrictions. BMJ. 2020;369:1-2.
  • Cluver L, Lachman JM, Sherr L, Wessels I, Krug E, Rakotomalala S, Blight S, Hillis S, Bachman G, Green O, Butchart A, Tomlinson M, Ward CL, Doubt J, McDonald K. Parenting in a time of COVID-19. Lancet. 2020;395(10231):e64.
  • Mazza M, Marano G, Lai C, Janiri L, Sani G. Danger in danger: Interpersonal violence during COVID-19 quarantine. Psychiatry Res. 2020;289:113046.
  • Roesch E, Amin A, Gupta J, García-Moreno C. Violence against women during Covid-19 pandemic restrictions. BMJ. 2020;369:m1712.
  • Orpinas P, Hsieh H-L, Song X, Holland K, Nahapetyan L. Trajectories of physical dating violence from middle to high school: Association with relationship quality and acceptability of aggression. J Youth Adolesc. 2013;42(4):551-565.
  • Clarey A, Hokoda A, Ulloa EC. Anger control and acceptance of violence as mediators in the relationship between exposure to interparental conflict and dating violence perpetration in Mexican adolescents. J Fam Violence. 2010;25(7):619-625.
  • Toplu Demirtaş E, Hatipoğlu Sümer Z, Fincham FD. Intimate partner violence in Turkey: The Turkish Intimate Partner Violence Attitude Scale-Revised. J Fam Violence. 2017;32(3):349-356.
  • Spencer C, Mallory AB, Cafferky BM, Kimmes JG, Beck AR, Stith SM. Mental health factors and intimate partner violence perpetration and victimization: A meta-analysis. Psychol Violence. 2019;9(1):1-17.
  • Gulati G, Kelly BD. Domestic violence against women and the COVID-19 pandemic: What is the role of psychiatry? Int J Law Psychiatry. 2020;71:101594.
  • Marques ES, de Moraes CL, Hasselmann MH, Deslandes SF, Reichenheim ME. Violence against women, children, and adolescents during the COVID-19 pandemic: Overview, contributing factors, and mitigating measures. Cad Saude Publica. 2020;36(4):e00074420.
  • Islam MS, Ferdous MZ, Potenza MN. Panic and generalized anxiety during the Covid-19 pandemic among Bangladeshi people: An online pilot survey early in the outbreak. J Affect Disord. 2020;276:30-37.
  • Kaya B. Effects of pandemic on mental health. Turkish J Clin psychiatry. 2020;23:123-124.
  • Wulandari P, Hidayat R. general anxiety disorder-related coronavirus disease-19 outbreak in Indonesia: A case report. Open Access Maced J Med Sci. 2020;8(T1):36-38.
  • Fincham FD, Cui M, Braithwaite S, Pasley K. Attitudes toward intimate partner violence in dating relationships. Psychol Assess. 2008;20(3):260-269.
  • Spitzer RL, Kroenke K, Williams JBW, Löwe B. A brief measure for assessing generalized anxiety disorder: The GAD-7. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(10):1092-1907.
  • Konkan R, Senormanci O, Guclu O, Aydin E, Sungur MZ. Validity and reliability study for the Turkish adaptation of the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7 (GAD-7) Scale. Arch Neuropsychiatry. 2013;50(1):53-58.
  • Hair JF, Black B, Babin BJ, Anderson RE. Multivariate data analysis: Pearson education multivariate data analysis: Pearson new international edition. 7th ed. UK: Pearson Education Limited, 2013.
  • Anastario M, Shehab N, Lawry L. Increased gender-based violence among women internally displaced in Mississippi 2 years post-Hurricane Katrina. Disaster Med Public Health Prep. 2009;3(1):18-26.
  • Schumacher JA, Coffey SF, Norris FH, Tracy M, Clements K, Galea S. Intimate partner violence and Hurricane Katrina: predictors and associated mental health outcomes. Violence Vict. 2010;25(5):588-603.
  • Imga O, Ayhan U. State, Democracy and Security in the Covid-19 Pandemic and Aftermath. Ankara; 2020.
  • Thelookout. COVID-19 and family violence. 2020.
  • Buttell F, Ferreira RJ. The hidden disaster of COVID-19: Intimate partner violence. Psychol Trauma. 2020;12(S1):S197-198.
  • Akkus S, Yildirim S. Investigating the factors affecting man’s physical violence to women. Gaziantep Univ J Soc Sci. 2018;17(4):1350-1370.
  • Holmes EA, O'Connor RC, Perry VH, et al. Multidisciplinary research priorities for the COVID-19 pandemic: a call for action for mental health science. Lancet Psychiatry. 2020;7(6):547-560.
  • Sevim Y, Atas S. The slope of violence on college studentsand students’ standpoint on intrafamilial of violence. Fırat Univ J Soc Sci. 2016;25(1):285-301.
  • Moreira DN, Pinto da Costa M. The impact of the Covid-19 pandemic in the precipitation of intimate partner violence. Int J Law Psychiatry. 2020;71:101606.
  • Women’s Aid UK. The impact of COVID-19 on women and children experiencing domestic abuse, and the life-saving services that support them. 2020.
  • Keeter S. People financially affected by COVID-19 outbreak are experiencing more psychological distress than others. Pew Research Center. 2020.
  • Carbone SR. Flattening the curve of mental ill-health: the importance of primary prevention in managing the mental health impacts of COVID-19. Ment Heal Prev. 2020;19:200185.
  • Chang ES, Kannoth S, Levy S, Wang SY, Lee JE, Levy BR. Global reach of ageism on older persons’ health: A systematic review. PLoS One. 2020;15(1):e0220857.
  • Guček NK, Selič P. Depression in Intimate Partner Violence Victims in Slovenia: A Crippling Pattern of Factors Identified in Family Practice Attendees. Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2018;15(2):210.
  • Cengiz Özyurt B, Deveci A. The relationship between domestic violence and the prevalence of depressive symptoms in married women between 15 and 49 years of age in a rural area of Manisa, Turkey. Turk Psikiyatri Derg. 2011;22(1):10-16.
Toplam 40 adet kaynakça vardır.

Ayrıntılar

Birincil Dil İngilizce
Konular Sağlık Kurumları Yönetimi
Bölüm Araştırma Makaleleri
Yazarlar

Şadiye Özcan 0000-0003-4468-5542

Safiye Yanmış 0000-0002-5776-4752

Yayımlanma Tarihi 31 Ağustos 2022
Gönderilme Tarihi 19 Nisan 2022
Yayımlandığı Sayı Yıl 2022 Cilt: 3 Sayı: 2

Kaynak Göster

Vancouver Özcan Ş, Yanmış S. DETERMINING THE ATTITUDES TOWARDS INTIMATE PARTNER VIOLENCE, GENERALIZED ANXIETY AND INFLUENCING FACTORS DURING THE QUARANTINE PROCESS DUE TO COVID-19 PANDEMIC. Karya J Health Sci. 2022;3(2):126-32.