Öz
All this – all the meanness
and agony without end
I sitting look out upon
See, hear and am silent.
Walt Whitman, ‘I Sit and
Look’(Genius, 2018).
Kurdish people constitute a significant part of the Turkish society for
ages with some cultural and linguistic differences. This article focuses on the
symbolic representation of Kurds in Turkish cinema through a close reading of
the movie Sarmaşık (Ivy) in order to reveal how and at what limits the movie touches upon
different forms of verbal and sound control imposed over them. Mainstream media
portrays Kurds speaking Turkish with a heavy and funny accent. This tradition
has changed by independent movies and at least they become visible in different
types of silence. As a movie, one of the themes Sarmaşık discusses is the
silence of Kurds and the role of discrimination process again by using and
recreating the concrete silence. On the other hand this movie reveals how this
silence provoke anxiety of majority towards minority identities, especially towards
Kurds in last decades. The movie also stimulates a very important reality that
losing a useful and functional part of a society is a severe lost that most
people are not even aware of, and that they notice it in fear and with sorrow
only after losing it.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Representation of Kurdish identity Kurdish silence identity minorities
Kaynakça
- Al Jazeera. (2017, 1 October). Who are the Kurds? Retrieved 10 August 2018, from https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/05/kurds-170516072934887.html
- BBC. (2017, 31 October). Who are the Kurds? Retrieved 10 August 2018, from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-29702440
- Bulut, F. (1992). Türk basınında Kürtler. Ankara: Melsa.
- Chion, M. (1947/1999). The voice in cinema. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Deliormanlı, E. (2014). Passing ethnic identities: A case study on comedy in Turkish cinema. (Unpublished Master's Thesis). İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, Ankara.
- Evrensel. (2008, 31 July). Türk sinemasındaki "ötekiler" Kürtler. Retrieved 10 August 2018, from https://www.evrensel.net/haber/220346/turk-sinemasindaki-otekiler-kurtler
- Forman, M. (Yönetmen). (1975). One flew over the Cuckoo's nest [Film]. ABD: Fantasy Films.
- Foucault, M. (1995). Foucault, michelle, discipline and punish: The birth of the prison (a. sheridan, trans). New York: Vintage.
- Genius. (2018). I sit and look out. Retrieved 09 August 2018, from https://genius.com/Walt-whitman-i-sit-and-look-out-annotated
- Güçlü, Ö. (2010). Silent representations of women in the new cinema of Turkey. Sine/Cine: Journal of Film Studies, 1(2), 71-85.
- Izady, M. R. (2015). The Kurds: A concise handbook. London and New York: Taylor and Francis Group.
- Karaçelik, T. (Yönetmen). (2015). Sarmaşık [Film]. Türkiye: Kala Film
- Koçer, Z., & Göztepe, M. O. (2017). Representing ethnicity in cinema during Turkey’s Kurdish initiative: A critical analysis of My Marlon and Brando (Karabey, 2008), The Storm (Öz, 2008) and Future Lasts Forever (Alper, 2011). Alphaville: Journal of Film and Screen Media, 13, 54-68.
- McDowall, D. (2003). Modern history of the Kurds: IB Tauris.
- Peirce, C. S., Bucher, J., & Spotswood, R., D. (1955). Philosophical writings of peirce. New York: Dover.
- Picard, M. (1988). The world of silence. Washington D.C.: Gateway.
- Sykes, M. (1908). The Kurdish tribes of the Ottoman Empire. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 38, 451-486.
- Tanrıvermiş, Ş. (2016). Sarmaşık'ın kayıp Kürt'ü. Retrieved 10 August 2018, from http://www.kulturmafyasi.com/sarmasikin-kayip-kurtu/
- The University of Chicago. (2008). Silence. Retrieved 09 August 2018, from http://csmt.uchicago.edu/glossary2004/silence.htm
- The University of Chicago. (2018). Symbol, index, icon. Retrieved 09 August 2018, from http://csmt.uchicago.edu/glossary2004/symbolindexicon.htm
- Who is Godot? (2010, May 16). Retrieved 08 August 2018 from https://www.essaytown.com/subjects/paper/godot/4048288
- Yavuz, M. H. (2001). Five stages of the construction of Kurdish nationalism in Turkey. Nationalism and Ethnic Politics, 7(3), 1-24.
Öz
All this – all the meanness and agony without end
I sitting look out upon
See, hear and am silent.
-Walt Whitman, “I Sit and Look” (Genius, 2018).
Kurdish people have constituted a significant part of Turkish
society for some time but with some cultural and linguistic differences. This study
focuses on the symbolic representation of Kurds in Turkish cinema through a
close reading of the movie Sarmaşık in order to reveal how and to what limits
the movie touches upon different forms of verbal and sound control imposed. It
analyzes how Kurdish identity is constructed in film. By embodying the silence
of Kurds, the film Sarmaşık brings to light the existing Kurdish situation in
Turkey. It also emphasizes minority identities through its theme of silence.
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kurdish identity Kurdish silence Turkish cinema Kurdish cinema
Kaynakça
- Al Jazeera. (2017, 1 October). Who are the Kurds? Retrieved 10 August 2018, from https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2017/05/kurds-170516072934887.html
- BBC. (2017, 31 October). Who are the Kurds? Retrieved 10 August 2018, from https://www.bbc.com/news/world-middle-east-29702440
- Bulut, F. (1992). Türk basınında Kürtler. Ankara: Melsa.
- Chion, M. (1947/1999). The voice in cinema. New York: Columbia University Press.
- Deliormanlı, E. (2014). Passing ethnic identities: A case study on comedy in Turkish cinema. (Unpublished Master's Thesis). İhsan Doğramacı Bilkent University, Ankara.
- Evrensel. (2008, 31 July). Türk sinemasındaki "ötekiler" Kürtler. Retrieved 10 August 2018, from https://www.evrensel.net/haber/220346/turk-sinemasindaki-otekiler-kurtler
- Forman, M. (Yönetmen). (1975). One flew over the Cuckoo's nest [Film]. ABD: Fantasy Films.
- Foucault, M. (1995). Foucault, michelle, discipline and punish: The birth of the prison (a. sheridan, trans). New York: Vintage.
- Genius. (2018). I sit and look out. Retrieved 09 August 2018, from https://genius.com/Walt-whitman-i-sit-and-look-out-annotated
- Güçlü, Ö. (2010). Silent representations of women in the new cinema of Turkey. Sine/Cine: Journal of Film Studies, 1(2), 71-85.
- Izady, M. R. (2015). The Kurds: A concise handbook. London and New York: Taylor and Francis Group.
- Karaçelik, T. (Yönetmen). (2015). Sarmaşık [Film]. Türkiye: Kala Film
- Koçer, Z., & Göztepe, M. O. (2017). Representing ethnicity in cinema during Turkey’s Kurdish initiative: A critical analysis of My Marlon and Brando (Karabey, 2008), The Storm (Öz, 2008) and Future Lasts Forever (Alper, 2011). Alphaville: Journal of Film and Screen Media, 13, 54-68.
- McDowall, D. (2003). Modern history of the Kurds: IB Tauris.
- Peirce, C. S., Bucher, J., & Spotswood, R., D. (1955). Philosophical writings of peirce. New York: Dover.
- Picard, M. (1988). The world of silence. Washington D.C.: Gateway.
- Sykes, M. (1908). The Kurdish tribes of the Ottoman Empire. The Journal of the Royal Anthropological Institute of Great Britain and Ireland, 38, 451-486.
- Tanrıvermiş, Ş. (2016). Sarmaşık'ın kayıp Kürt'ü. Retrieved 10 August 2018, from http://www.kulturmafyasi.com/sarmasikin-kayip-kurtu/
- The University of Chicago. (2008). Silence. Retrieved 09 August 2018, from http://csmt.uchicago.edu/glossary2004/silence.htm
- The University of Chicago. (2018). Symbol, index, icon. Retrieved 09 August 2018, from http://csmt.uchicago.edu/glossary2004/symbolindexicon.htm
- Who is Godot? (2010, May 16). Retrieved 08 August 2018 from https://www.essaytown.com/subjects/paper/godot/4048288
- Yavuz, M. H. (2001). Five stages of the construction of Kurdish nationalism in Turkey. Nationalism and Ethnic Politics, 7(3), 1-24.
Ayrıntılar
| Birincil Dil | İngilizce |
|---|---|
| Bölüm | Makaleler |
| Yazarlar | |
| Yayımlanma Tarihi | 25 Ocak 2020 |
| Gönderilme Tarihi | 13 Ekim 2019 |
| Yayımlandığı Sayı | Yıl 2020 |
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